Portrait photography tips by professional experts.

Delving into the realm of portrait photography opens up a world of creative possibilities, capturing the essence and emotion of your subjects in a single frame.

Portrait photo of woman with freckles on black background

The magic of portrait photography begins with connection. Anthony Pidgeon, a pro portrait photographer, explains, “So much of a great portrait is about the rapport. That’s not a technical aspect of photography, but I think with portraits it’s really key because you’re collaborating, hopefully. Your subject is going to offer you something and you’re going to honour that and find a way to express it. There’s an element of trust: Do they trust you? Do you trust them to stick with you through the process? Has a rapport been established? Then you can find the best expression of that with lighting and posing and composition.’’ Anna Goellner, who specialises in wedding photography, puts it like this: “You’re trying to tell a story; you’re trying to show who this person is.”

The essence of connection.

Diving into a portrait session is as much about nurturing a genuine connection as it is about capturing a beautiful image. This bond is the cornerstone of creating images that resonate with authenticity and warmth, reflective of Australia's inclusive and laid-back culture.

Take a leaf out of Shawn Ingersoll's book: carve out a good hour for your shoot. He explains, “It’ll be maybe the first 30 minutes before you’ve really got to know each other.” This initial time isn't just small talk; it's where the seeds of trust and understanding are planted, vital for a portrait that truly resonates.

Every portrait session is a unique encounter, a sentiment echoed by Pidgeon who highlights the importance of tuning into your subject's presence and mood. “I think it depends on the person — where they’re at, what’s going on, whether they want to be there. A lot of times, they don’t,” he says. “A lot of times, they’ve had five things lined up before you and they’ve got another five after you and they’re just watching the clock. Some people are ‘Yeah, let’s do something cool.’ And some people are ‘Let’s get this over with.’ Some people are really shy. Getting a feel for their level of engagement directs a lot of it.”

Photographer shooting a portrait of a fashion model

Portrait image of a woman with a big bright smile

When you have a sense of the person you’re working with, then turn your attention to the room. Pidgeon suggests asking yourself, “Are there natural light sources? Is it a situation where I’m going to use harsh lighting, soft lighting, direct, indirect? What's going to tell this story?”

Understanding each subject within the context of Australia's rich cultural tapestry is crucial. It's about recognising the individual stories against the backdrop of Australia's diverse society. Naba Zabih, a wedding and engagement photographer, says that even in the flurry of a big event, it’s important to take time to compose an image that you’ll be proud of. She continues, “Especially when everything’s digital and super fast-paced, just stop and compose and think about the shot before you actually take it.” Keep in mind that with a portrait photo, particularly family portrait photography, you’ve got an extra variable to consider: “People are people,” Zabih says, “so they are definitely going to be harder to shoot than something that’s still — they’re going to move. They blink.”

Harnessing natural light in portrait photography.

Navigating the nuances of lighting is pivotal in portrait photography, blending intuition with a keen eye for detail. Whether you're in the controlled environment of a studio or embracing the unpredictability of outdoor lighting in Australia, understanding how to best illuminate your subject is crucial. Ingersoll suggests, “If you want a dramatic, high-contrast portrait, you’re probably going to be using more direct light, whether that’s sunlight or artificial lights. If you’re looking for a less dramatic photo, more like a professional headshot, that’s going to be more diffused, with multiple light sources. You’ll have a primary one, typically the brightest and it’s gonna light up one side of the subject’s face. Then you’ll want to light up the other side, so you’ll have a secondary stroke — otherwise you’re going to have a very dramatic picture. A third light is optional. Sometimes you use that to light up their hair or the backdrop, if there is one.”

Pidgeon advises, “As people get older, you want to soften up the light a bit, unless you really want to accentuate the texture in someone’s skin. But if someone has acne scars or wrinkles, you wouldn’t typically work with a dramatic light, unless this is really part of who they are. I think part of it is asking, ‘Is this going to be kind to them, show them in their best light? Are they a dynamic person? Have they got an edge to them? Is this appropriate?'” He warns that portrait photographers need to understand how to balance their lights. “A lot of beginners tend to overpower with flash and then you have that mugshot kind of look,” he says. “You’re basically making two exposures at the same time when you’re balancing the main light and the fill light. When you develop an understanding of how that balance works, you can make incremental changes instead of just saying, ‘OK, I’m going to blast it or I’m going to take it away.’”

Man in grey shirt captured in portrait photograph

In Australia, where the landscape and light can vary dramatically, leveraging natural light and adapting to varied environments is crucial. From the sun-drenched beaches to the stark outback, each setting offers unique challenges and opportunities. In coastal regions, use the reflective light of the sea to brighten your subject's face, while in the bush, employ the natural canopy to filter harsh sunlight. Understanding these nuances ensures your technique remains flexible, allowing you to capture stunning portraits that reflect the essence of the Australian landscape and its impact on your subject.

Eyes as the window.

Goellner holds that one of the most important portrait photography tips is getting a sharp focus on your subject’s eyes: “If you’re focused on somebody’s forehead or fringe and their eyes are out of focus, it automatically kills it,” she says, “unless you’re being really artsy.” Beyond this simple but vital reminder, you’ll want to consider the lens you’re working with.

Goellner says that the best lenses for portraiture will open up really wide. “A really wide aperture lets in a lot of light and lets the background be blurry,” she says. Wide-angle lenses and a shallow depth of field help you to keep the focus on your subject, rather than losing them to background elements that might be less important. Goellner’s go-to portrait lens is an 85 mm lens.

Derek Boyd, a photographer in the Pacific Northwest, suggests trying out even longer focal lengths: “If you have a long focal length and you’re close to your subject, you’ll have very shallow depth of field,” he says. “So a 200-millimetre lens is great for portrait work. Basically, you shoot almost as close up as you can with it and it looks great because the background gets blurred out. And the compression that telephoto lenses cause — it’s a little bit of distortion that’s very flattering to people. It makes noses look a little bit smaller and it makes eyes look a little bit better. It’s just very complimentary. It’s hard to describe, but any time you see a nice tight portrait like a glamour shot, that’s almost always done with the very long focal length. Now, on the other hand, you have your wide focal lengths, so that would be anything 30 millimetres and lower. If you get real close to somebody with a wide-angle lens, it makes their head look really big and everything in the background look really small and you almost get that fisheye effect. It is not complimentary. You can use it for portraits, but it looks silly.”

Portrait photo of an auburn-haired woman in an orange shirt

The kicker here is the ability to choose your focal point. Boyd explains, “Before I shot on a real camera, an SLR, I’d only shot on point-and-shoots where everything was in focus. I think that’s the difference between a snapshot and a real artistic photograph — highlighting your subject. That doesn’t mean that you have to use shallow depth of field, but a professional-style portrait will. And the first time that you do it on your own, it’s like magic. That look is something that I’ll always be a sucker for. I’ll always love a portrait with a just completely blurred-out background and a nice, sharp eye with a catch-light, a nice twinkle in the eye.”

Post-capture, Adobe Photoshop offers a suite of tools to enhance the natural beauty of the eyes while maintaining authenticity. Techniques such as subtle brightening, sharpening the iris, or even enhancing the catchlights can make the eyes stand out, capturing the viewer's attention immediately. However, it's crucial to strike a balance, ensuring enhancements improve the portrait without detracting from the subject's true essence.

Embracing unconventionality in portrait photography.

Many photographers will start out using automated programme modes to shoot. Those can be very helpful as you begin, allowing you time to connect with your subject and concentrate on lighting, but Pidgeon warns that they can ultimately hamper your progress. He says, “A programme can give you the basics, but I don’t think you can get very creative. The programme is there to keep you within the range of ‘this will be fine.’ But if you’re getting into photography, you want more than fine. You have to go manual to get that nuance. And that’s scary — a lot of people are like, ‘Hey this particular programme mode works great. I got amazing photos in this situation. I don’t want to let go of that.’ And then suddenly you’re in a different situation and it doesn’t work. The programme was doing the work for you, doing all the math for you and making a lot of decisions. So then you have to go back and figure out how exposure works.” Learning those manual camera settings and getting access to more nuanced decisions means you can get much more creative, artistic portrait photography.

And there’s no need to stop with refining your use of exposure. Alex Str, a photographer and designer based in Los Angeles, encourages even more experiments. He says, “I think filling the frame is really interesting: when there’s parts of an image that aren’t necessarily fully in the frame or there’s a subject that’s very much in the foreground and maybe covering a third of the frame. I feel like I’ve transitioned a lot lately from taking portraits of people that were perfectly centred in the frame on really clean backgrounds to ‘What would that look like if the camera was actually in this room and it was behind somebody or looking over somebody’s shoulder?’”

Outdoor portrait photo of a man chatting with friends

All of this harks back to that foundational element of portrait photography. Str says, “This is probably a general rule of thumb for a lot of photography: story is king. That’s the reason why we make things, the reason why we design, the reason why we make films, the reason why we write — and I just would really encourage people to not forget that.”

Zabih emphasises this same idea, saying, “Portraiture is interesting because you often kind of throw the rules out the window. If I’m able to capture some kind of emotion in the photo, I feel like it’s huge. I'll do photos where I'm purposely messing up the photo — where I lower my shutter speed or shoot things cropped in a way that I normally wouldn’t. And as long as there’s emotion in the photo, they end up being my favourite. What’s cool about portrait photography is it doesn’t have to be a perfect image to be the best image.”

Capturing the aussie spirit.

Australian portraiture thrives on breaking the mold, where photographers embrace the adventurous spirit that defines the land and its people. These artists push beyond traditional boundaries to capture Australia's essence, from its sweeping landscapes to the dynamic urban life. Their work, daring and untraditional, invites viewers to see the world through a uniquely Australian lens, celebrating the country's diversity and vibrancy.

Photographers across Australia are known for infusing their portraits with local culture, turning everyday scenes into extraordinary narratives. They challenge us to find the magic in the mundane, capturing the soul of Australia in every shot. Whether it’s the rich Indigenous heritage or the laid-back coastal lifestyle, these portraits are a window into the diverse experiences that shape Australian identity.

Transform portrait photography with Photoshop.

As you journey through the world of portrait photography, let the spirit of Australia fuel your creativity. Adobe Photoshop is your gateway to turning these visions into reality, offering an array of tools to enhance and express the diversity found within Australian life. From adjusting the warm hues of a golden hour shot to bringing out the intricate details in a subject's gaze, Photoshop empowers you to refine your images with precision and artistry.

Embrace Photoshop as your creative partner, pushing the limits of what’s possible in portrait photography. Whether you’re blending the rugged beauty of the Australian landscape with the stories of its people or exploring new techniques to highlight your subjects, Photoshop provides the canvas for your imagination. Share your work, join the community of like-minded creators, and let your portraits echo the stories and beauty of Australia.

Do more with Adobe Photoshop.

Create beautiful images with Photoshop brushes, Content-Aware Fill, Photo effects, Neural Filter, Sky replacement and the many tools photographers rely on.

Explore the Photoshop family of apps.

Contributors

Derek Boyd, Anna Jaye Goellner, Naba Zabih, Alexander Str, Shawn Ingersoll, Anthony Pidgeon