Photography
Tips for capturing nature photography.
Nature photography spans a variety of styles and photographic approaches. Get pro tips on how to shoot everything from wildlife and landscapes to macro images of flowers and plants.
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Take awe-inspiring nature photos.
Level up your nature photography skills with tips on how to plan your shoots, overcome the challenges of outdoor exposures, and work with (not against) the environment. Discover how to play with depth of field, crop close in on plant textures, and more. Learn about lighting landscapes and the meaning of “golden hour,” plus packing the right gear to capture those ever-changing vistas.
Nature photography for beginners.
When shooting outdoors, there are several things to keep in mind. Thanks to inclement weather, constantly changing light, and uncooperative wildlife, nature photography shoots are different every time. As renowned animal and wildlife photographer Carli Davidson says, “Studio photographers have waking nightmares about having to shoot in nature because it’s such an uncontrolled environment.” If you’re used to working in a studio, shooting outdoors pushes you outside your comfort zone — physically and creatively.
The art of planning ahead.
Before pulling on your hiking boots and hitting the trails, make sure you research and plan your outdoor shoot—including strategically choosing your time of day and lighting. Morning and evening light is often the best for capturing photos of the natural world, since the light is softer without the harsh shadows of midday — be prepared to set your alarm to 5 a.m. instead of 8 a.m.
Planning also ensures you have the right gear. You’re at the mercy of the elements outdoors and you don’t want to be unprepared. As Davidson says, “Whether it’s 10 degrees or 150 degrees outside, I’m going to have to be out there all day.” Getting the appropriate clothing, gear, and equipment is vital. Always bring something waterproof to protect your gear. And bring a hat to shade your camera if it’s sunny, so you can see the camera display to check your exposures.
“You don't need a lot of specific gear. The most important thing with nature photography is getting yourself out into nature,” experienced photographer Jeff Carlson says. Pack light, but always bring extra batteries, storage cards, and a lens with a broad focal length range. Carlson recommends starting with a DSLR camera with an 18–55 mm lens to give you enough range to capture some details in the distance while also capturing those in your immediate surroundings.
The challenge of outdoor exposure.
One of the biggest challenges in shooting outdoors is nailing the proper exposure. If a cloud moves overhead, the lack of light could quickly underexpose your images. A quick fix for this is to regularly check your exposures as you shoot and don’t delete any photos before you can look at them indoors. This is also where technical expertise comes in. Davidson points out that it’s easy to get distracted or excited when shooting outdoors. So practicing your technical skills enough so that they become second nature can save you in the long run. There’s nothing worse than shooting a full day of photos, only to look at them later and find they’re all over- or underexposed.
Understanding your environment.
Another major element of shooting outdoors is respecting your surroundings and understanding the environment you’re shooting in. This holds true whether it’s your backyard or a remote location you’ve backpacked in to see. Always apply for filming or photography permits when necessary, stay on the trails, and leave the location as pristine as you found it. One of the major threats to nature photography is overuse. For example, if you’re hiking through a field of Alpine flowers, stick to an established trail because they can take decades to grow a few inches.
Outdoor nature photography ideas.
Nature photography is a versatile medium with a unique set of challenges and the potential to tell compelling stories. Whether you’re experimenting with shutter speed to catch an animal in motion, or you’re trying out different depths of field in your close-up flower photograph, it takes patience and creativity to capture the great outdoors successfully.
If you're just getting started with nature photography, try out a few of these great tips:
- Take close-up or macro photos of plants in your backyard or neighborhood
- Crop close in on textures like tree bark, leaves, petals or even a spider’s web
- Practice shooting local birds using a fast shutter speed
- Visit nearby nature areas and take full landscape shots
- Use natural night, either direct or indirect, from the sun or moon
- Make the “Golden Hour” your best friend
Animal photography in the wild.
When it comes to capturing wildlife and animals in motion, preparedness is key. Animals move fast, and any delay on your part can mean a missed opportunity. An appropriately fast shutter speed can save you in this situation. Make sure your shutter is fast enough to eliminate accidental camera movement so you can freeze your subject in time.
Animals can be tricky to find and hard to track. And while you may not see them, they definitely see you. Sometimes you’ll immediately stumble upon a great shot or a rare animal; otherwise, you’ll have to practice patience. Just when you decide no moose will show up, one could pop out of the woods a few yards away.
Birds are a great subject because they’re everywhere, but Carlson says, “Unless you’re shooting a hummingbird feeder, none of the birds will be very close. If you use a mid-range lens, you will capture the bird, but it will be a tiny speck. Depending on the resolution of your camera, you can zoom in and you might still have a good shot.” This is one reason why understanding the limits of your gear is so important. It can help you make artistic choices in the moment and influence what you choose to capture with each shot. Having access to a zoom lens can greatly improve your photos of wild animals, although it also increases the amount of gear you're carrying.
Animals are not always willing subjects — even when they’re trained pets. Approach your shoot with a plan in mind and be prepared to work with your photos in post-processing. You can’t always find an original or interesting shot in the moment but applying edits later can turn a mundane photo into a great image.
Understand the basics of plant and flower photography.
Plants, when it comes to predictability, are the perfect subject. “The tricky thing is depth of field,” teacher and nature photographer Ben Long says. “When you’re getting close to a flower, your depth of field will be shallow, so you may not get all the details that you want in focus.” Bring a tripod with you so you can use longer exposures and smaller apertures to make your depth of field deeper. While you have more control over your subject with plant photography, you still have the elements to deal with. Don’t let a breeze ruin your long exposure. Try shielding your subject or bring clamps to hold the flower in place.
Davidson suggests shooting in aperture priority mode to give you more control over depth of field. Plants are an agreeable subject, but they’re also a very common subject. Rather than being intimidated by this, Davidson says this “allows you to play and try new things.” Push your creativity and find a unique way to make your image interesting.
Nature photography tips for landscapes.
Shooting landscapes is its own skill, but it also falls within the category of nature photography. To capture the best possible shot, landscape photographer Samuel Nute says, “Be patient for the conditions to line up and try to get a different spin on popular landscapes.” Outside of dealing with the weather, finding your voice and style is the most challenging part of landscape photography.
Experience is the best teacher, so if you want to improve your landscape photography, just get outside and start shooting — but keep these two great tips in mind.
1. It’s all about the light.
If there’s one thing to keep in mind, it’s light. Dawn and dusk (also known as the golden hours) offer the perfect lighting conditions for great landscape imagery. This is also the time to capture beautiful sky photos. Jeff Carlson notes, “Sometimes the better sunset happens after the sun goes down. Depending on the clouds, the sky can explode with color. Too many times I see people out shooting and when the sun goes down, they think it’s time to go.”
2. Pack the right gear.
Wide-angle lenses are ideal for stunning landscape photographs. They allow you to capture a deeper depth of field than telephoto lenses, so your whole scene is in focus. As with any other kind of nature photography, the right gear makes all the difference, so be sure you’ve thought about which lenses to bring.
While nature is uncontrollable, learning to adapt to this fact lets you push your skills and find your inner adventurer. If you plan ahead and remember to check your exposures, the results can be truly rewarding.
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