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Inspiration in the color copper.

Learn the history and meaning of the color copper, a hue with the dual power of providing comfort and inspiring industrial might.

Design with copper

What is the meaning of the color copper?

The color copper might call pennies to mind, or maybe statues in that dusky brown-orange hue. In today’s chic interior design, copper color is also seen in brushed copper faucets and cabinet hardware. From that look of luxury to its rich history of industrialization, the color copper is powerfully evocative.

Copper color is hard to place on the color wheel because it can look orange-brown, red-brown, or cream-brown. Like its namesake, the color copper has a long history with many meanings.

The history of copper color.

The many shades of the color copper.

Copper color was named after the native metal. Copper metal displays in different colors based on its treatment and age, but the color copper harkens to the medium-dark red-brown of aged copper. When new and polished, copper is a brilliant and metallic yellow-orange. Over time, copper color shows brown tones that enrich its hue. Copper has been in use since around 9000 B.C.E. It was alloyed with tin at the start of the Bronze Age.

Copper color became something beyond metallurgy.

The color copper was first recorded as a color adjective in English in 1594. Copper color was thought to be the epitome of anything reddish brown, even if it didn’t have the metallic sheen of its namesake. In contemporary application in art and design, copper color is sometimes mixed with a creamy off-white to give it the “luster” of copper alloy.

Copper color crayons by Crayola.

A pale shade of copper color was added to the Crayola crayon box in 1903. Called “copper rose,” the tone was almost salmon color and was removed from the crayon box 12 years later. Copper rose was reintroduced in 1958. In 1990, Crayola added another copper crayon called “copper penny,” a shade much closer to the color copper that was defined in A Dictionary of Color by Maerz and Paul in 1928.

The color copper across different cultures.

Copper color in the Victorian period.

The end of the Industrial Revolution overlapped with the start of the Victorian era, making fertile ground for the color copper to root in the latter as a symbol of time and hope. Copper found another new and exciting use in electrical wires that century. The presence of copper in recent history and on the horizon of what was to come made copper color simultaneously a symbol of nostalgia and importance.

The color copper in coinage.

Copper has been used as currency as far back as Ancient Rome when lumps of copper were exchanged for their weighted value. Modern coinage uses copper as a feature of low-value currency, such as the American penny. This has moved the color copper away from its Victorian association of extravagance. Today, it brings a sense of comfort, warmth, accessibility, and tradition.

Copper color in sports.

The color copper is rarely used as an official color by institutions, and that makes it stand out more when it is employed. The Arizona State University team unveiled a new official copper color in 2014. The Zambia national football team is even nicknamed “copper bullets” (chipolopolo) because they feature copper color in their uniforms.